Medienkompetenz als theoretisches Konzept und Gegenstand empirischer Forschung

Der Beitrag versteht sich als Teil der Bemühung, das Phänomen Medienkompetenz bei Jugendlichen besser beschreiben und analysieren zu können. Dabei gehen wir von einem Verständnis von Medienkompetenz aus, das sich an den von Dieter Baacke (1996) vorgeschlagenen vier Dimensionen (Medienkritik, Mediennutzung, Medienkunde, Mediengestaltung) orientiert. Im Rahmen des DFG-Projektes „Untersuchung zum Mediennutzungsverhalten 13-18jähriger und Entwicklung von Medienkompetenz im Jugendalter“ untersuchen wir empirisch das Medienhandeln Jugendlicher in Anlehnung an das Bielefelder Medienkompetenzmodell (Treumann/Baacke u.a. 2002). In einer quantitativen Befragung haben wir zunächst die Dimensionen der Medienkompetenz operationalisiert und erhoben. Des Weiteren konkretisieren wir in qualitativen Befragungen die Medienkompetenz bei Jugendlichen inhaltlich und erschließen diese in ausgewählten Fällen auch rekonstruktiv hermeneutisch. Die Einzelinterviews dienen dazu, das Medienhandeln und die verschiedenen Ebenen der Medienkompetenz umfassend zu erheben und im Rahmen einer Clusteranalyse mit den quantitativen Daten in Beziehung zu setzen. Im Rahmen von Gruppendiskussionen werden indes die kollektiven Orientierungen Jugendlicher in der analytisch-reflexiven Auseinandersetzung mit Medien und damit die Dimension der Medienkritik empirisch erschlossen

Algorithms for characterization and trend detection in spatial databases

The number and the size of spatial databases, e.g. for geomarketing, traffic control or environmental studies, are rapidly growing which results in an increasing need for spatial data mining. In this paper, we present new algorithms for spatial characterization and spatial trend analysis. For spatial characterization it is important that class membership of a database object is not only determined by its non-spatial attributes but also by the attributes of objects in its neighborhood. In spatial trend analysis, patterns of change of some non-spatial attributes in the neighborhood of a database object are determined. We present several algorithms for these tasks. These algorithms were implemented within a general framework for spatial data mining providing a small set of database primitives on top of a commercial spatial database management system. A performance evaluation using a real geographic database demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. Furthermore, we show how the algorithms can be combined to discover even more interesting spatial knowledge

Gesamtwirtschaftliche und unternehmerische Anpassungsprozesse in Ostdeutschland: Zweiter Bericht

Der Bericht konzentriert sich auf eine Situationsanalyse der ostdeutschen Wirtschaft in folgenden Bereichen: Landwirtschaft, Industrie, Baugewerbe, Dienstleistungsunternehmen und öffentliche Verwaltung. Die Energiewirtschaft soll später einbezogen werden. Der Bericht folgt weitgehend dem Muster des ersten Zwischenberichts. Die Institute legen, wie schon im ersten Bericht, Ergebnisse einer Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung für Ostdeutschland vor. Obwohl sich das Rechenwerk inzwischen auf Angaben des Statistischen Bundesamtes für das 2. Halbjahr 1990 stützen kann, ist seine Datenbasis noch recht schmal. Die in Tabelle 3 ausgewiesenen Zahlen sind als Größenordnungen zu verstehen; sie können noch nicht jene Genauigkeit beanspruchen, wie sie in der Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung für Westdeutschland erreicht ist. --

Gesamtwirtschaftliche und unternehmerische Anpassungsprozesse in Ostdeutschland: Vierter Bericht

Der Bundesminister ßr Wirtschaft hat mit Schreiben vom 19. Oktober 1990 dem Deutschen Institut ßr Wirtschaftsforschung, Berlin, und dem Institut ßr Weltwirtschaft, Kiel, einen Forschungsauftrag mit dem Titel "Gesamtwirtschaftliche und unternehmerische Anpassungsprozesse in Ostdeutschland " erteilt. Dabei sollen in vierteljährlicher Folge kurze Berichte geliefert werden. Die Institute legen hiermit ihren vierten Bericht vor. * Nach wie vor ist die Datenlage unbefriedigend. Das statistische Berichtssystem in Ostdeutschland befindet sich noch in der Umstellungsphase. Die Institute müssen deshalb versuchen, die Lücken auf unkonventionelle Weise zu schließen. Das geschieht vor allem durch mündliche und schriftliche Befragungen von ost- und westdeutschen Unternehmen, Wirtschaftsverbänden, staatlichen Stellen und gesellschaftlichen Organisationen sowie durch Auswertung der Fach- und Tagespresse. Der Bericht konzentriert sich auf eine Situationsanalyse der ostdeutschen Wirtschaft in folgenden Bereichen: Landwirtschaft, Energiewirtschaft, Industrie, Baugewerbe, Dienstleistungsunternehmen und öffentlicher Sektor. Darüber hinaus werden verschiedene Spezialthemen behandelt. --

Antimicrobial Effects of Microwave-Induced Plasma Torch (MiniMIP) Treatment on Candida Albicans Biofilms

The susceptibility of Candida albicans biofilms to a non-thermal plasma treatment has been investigated in terms of growth, survival and cell viability by a series of in vitro experiments. For different time periods , the C. albicans strain SC5314 was treated with a microwave-induced plasma torch (MiniMIP). The MiniMIP treatment had a strong effect (reduction factor (RF) = 2.97 after 50 s treatment) at a distance of 3 cm between the nozzle and the superior regions of the biofilms. In addition, a viability reduction of 77% after a 20 s plasma treatment and a metabolism reduction of 90% after a 40 s plasma treatment time were observed for C. albicans. After such a treatment , the biofilms revealed an altered morphology of their cells by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Additionally , fluorescence microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analyses of plasma-treated biofilms showed that an inactivation of cells mainly appeared on the bottom side of the biofilms. Thus, the plasma inactivation of the overgrown surface reveals a new possibility to combat biofilms

Characterization of Antimicrobial Effects of Plasma-Treated Water (PTW) Produced by Microwave-Induced Plasma (MidiPLexc) on Pseudomonas fluorescens Biofilms

stract: For the decontamination of surfaces in the food production industry, plasma generated compounds (PGCs) such as plasma-treated water (PTW) or plasma processed air (PPA) offer many promising possibilities for future applications. Therefore, the antimicrobial effect of water treated with microwave-induced plasma (MidiPLexc) on Pseudomonas fluorescensbiofilms was investigated. 10 ml deionized water was treated with the MidiPLexc plasma source for 100 s, 300 s and 900 s (pre-treatment time) and the bacterial biofilms were exposed to the PTW for 1 min, 3 min and 5 min (post treatment time). To investigate the influence of PTW on P. fluorescensbiofilms, microbiological assays (CFU, fluorescence and XTT assay) and imaging techniques (fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) were used. The CFU showed a maximum reductionof 6 log10 by using 300 s pre-treated PTW for 5 min. Additionally, a maximum reduction of 81 % for the viability of the cells and a 92 % reduction in the metabolic activity of the cells wasachieved by using 900 s pre-treated PTW for 5 min. The microscopic images showed evident microbialinactivation within the biofilm even at the shortest pre-treatment (100s) and post-treatment (1min) times. Moreover,reduction of the biofilm thickness and increased cluster formation within the biofilm wasdetected. Morphologically,the fusion of cell walls intoa uniform dense cell mass. The findings correlated with a decrease inthe pH value of the PTW,which forms the basis for the chemically active components of PTW and its antimicrobial effects. These results, provide valuableinsights into the mechanisms of inactivation of biofilms by plasma generated compounds (PGCs) such as PTW and thus allow forfurther parameter adjustmentfor applications infood industry

Characterization of Antimicrobial Effects of Plasma-Treated Water (PTW) Produced by Microwave-Induced Plasma (MidiPLexc) on Pseudomonas fluorescens Biofilms

stract: For the decontamination of surfaces in the food production industry, plasma generated compounds (PGCs) such as plasma-treated water (PTW) or plasma processed air (PPA) offer many promising possibilities for future applications. Therefore, the antimicrobial effect of water treated with microwave-induced plasma (MidiPLexc) on Pseudomonas fluorescensbiofilms was investigated. 10 ml deionized water was treated with the MidiPLexc plasma source for 100 s, 300 s and 900 s (pre-treatment time) and the bacterial biofilms were exposed to the PTW for 1 min, 3 min and 5 min (post treatment time). To investigate the influence of PTW on P. fluorescensbiofilms, microbiological assays (CFU, fluorescence and XTT assay) and imaging techniques (fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) were used. The CFU showed a maximum reductionof 6 log10 by using 300 s pre-treated PTW for 5 min. Additionally, a maximum reduction of 81 % for the viability of the cells and a 92 % reduction in the metabolic activity of the cells wasachieved by using 900 s pre-treated PTW for 5 min. The microscopic images showed evident microbialinactivation within the biofilm even at the shortest pre-treatment (100s) and post-treatment (1min) times. Moreover,reduction of the biofilm thickness and increased cluster formation within the biofilm wasdetected. Morphologically,the fusion of cell walls intoa uniform dense cell mass. The findings correlated with a decrease inthe pH value of the PTW,which forms the basis for the chemically active components of PTW and its antimicrobial effects. These results, provide valuableinsights into the mechanisms of inactivation of biofilms by plasma generated compounds (PGCs) such as PTW and thus allow forfurther parameter adjustmentfor applications infood industry

Characterization of antimicrobial effects of Plasma-Treated Water (PTW) produced by Microwave-Induced Plasma (MidiPLexc) on pseudomonas fluorescens biofilms

For the decontamination of surfaces in the food production industry, plasma-generated compounds such as plasma-treated water or plasma-processed air offer many promising possibilities for future applications. Therefore, the antimicrobial effect of water treated with microwave-induced plasma (MidiPLexc) on Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilms was investigated. A total of 10 mL deionized water was treated with the MidiPLexc plasma source for 100, 300 and 900 s (pretreatment time) and the bacterial biofilms were exposed to the plasma-treated water for 1, 3 and 5 min (post-treatment time). To investigate the influence of plasma-treated water on P. fluorescens biofilms, microbiological assays (colony-forming units, fluorescence and XTT assay) and imaging techniques (fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and atomic force microscopy) were used. The colony-forming units showed a maximum reduction of 6 log10 by using 300 s pretreated plasma water for 5 min. Additionally, a maximum reduction of 81% for the viability of the cells and a 92% reduction in the metabolic activity of the cells were achieved by using 900 s pretreated plasma water for 5 min. The microscopic images showed evident microbial inactivation within the biofilm even at the shortest pretreatment (100 s) and post-treatment (1 min) times. Moreover, reduction of the biofilm thickness and increased cluster formation within the biofilm was detected. Morphologically, the fusion of cell walls into a uniform dense cell mass was detectable. The findings correlated with a decrease in the pH value of the plasma-treated water, which forms the basis for the chemically active components of plasma-treated water and its antimicrobial effects. These results provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of inactivation of biofilms by plasma-generated compounds such as plasma-treated water and thus allow for further parameter adjustment for applications in food industry. © 2020 by the authors